Martin Nowak

Dr Nowak works on the mathematical description of evolutionary processes including the evolution of cooperation and human language, the dynamics of virus infections and human cancer. His major discoveries include: the mechanism of HIV disease progression (1991), spatial game dynamics (1992), generous tit-for-tat and win-stay,lose-shift (1993), the rapid turnover and evolution of drug resistance in HIV infection (1995), quantifying the dynamics of HBV infection (1996), mechanisms for the evolution of genetic redundancy (1997), the evolution of cooperation by indirect reciprocity (1998), the first mathematical approach for studying the evolution of human language (1999-2002), evolutionary game dynamics in finite populations and the 1/3 rule (2004), evolutionary graph theory (2005), the first quantification of the in vivo kinetics of a human cancer (2005), five rules for the evolution of cooperation (2006), the dynamics of language regularization (2007) and "winners don't punish" (2008). At the moment Dr Nowak is working on 'prelife', which is a formal approach to study the origin of evolution."